Video 12: Menulis Artikel untuk Terbitan dalam Jurnal.
Jom Tulis Artikel.
Teks Asal:
Jom kita tulis artikel. Biasanya pelajar Master atau
pelajar PhD diwajibkan untuk menulis artikel untuk diterbitkan. Jadi, saya
boleh ajar serba ringkas ya bagaimana kita nak tulis artikel yang baik, yang
boleh kita terbitkan. Jadi, pada pelajar yang belum pernah terbit dia akan rasa
banggalah. Biasanya artikel dalam jurnal atau bab dalam buku, biasanya hampir
sama. Jadi kita ada di sini, kita ada tajuk. Tajuk mestilah yang menarik ya.
Yang menarik sehingga orang nak baca artikel kita. Kita sertakan abstrak.
Abstrak terpulang kepada jurnal tersebut, yang mempunyai berapa patah
perkataan. Kadang-kadang 250 hingga 300. Kemudian ada pengenalan, ada sorotan
kajian. Sorotan kajian ni terpulang kepada penulis masing-masing. Penulis
kadang-kadang tak letak perkataan sorotan kajian , dia letak tajuk. Macam
contoh Animasi Cerita Rakyat. Macam tu, kemudian dalam tu ada sorotan kajian.
Kemudian ada metodologi, keputusan dan perbincangan, kesimpulan dan rujukan.
Bukan bibliografi dah, dia rujukan. Jadi, dalam yang ini mula-mula kita fokus
ke tajuk. Tajuk tu kena lah menarik. Biasanya tajuk tu kalau jurnal ke, artikel
ke biasanya tak boleh daripada 20 patah perkataan. Jadi abstrak ini kalau kita
tulis dalam bahasa Melayu, kita tulis abstrak bahasa Melayu disertakan dengan
abstrak bahasa Inggeris supaya ia lebih jelas. Dalam abstrak ini kita akan
letak macam contohnya ayat lebih kurang 4 atau 5 ayat. Macam ayat mukadimah lah
ni. Mukadimah ni contohnya kita letak seperti latar belakang dan juga masalah
yang dihadapi, masalah kajian yang timbul sehingga kita nak buat yang ini. Ayat
ini diikuti dengan ayat objektif, kemudian ada metodologi. Metodologi ini kita
kena letaklah, kalau ada sampel dan seterusnya lah, lokasi kita ada. Kalau tak
ada tak payah letak, macam tu. Lokasi kemudian semualah. Prosedur kena ada,
cara analisis macam mana. Analisis kena ada, kemudian daripada hurai ke sini
kena letakkan kita punya keputusan. Keputusan kajian tu kita letak dalam
abstrak ni lah. Kita letak dalam keputusan, dan ayat akhir kita kena letak apa
yang awak harapkan dalam kajian akan datang.
Diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi fokus kepada
apa dia, apa dia, apa dia. Ayat akhir mestilah ada. Kemudian disertai dengan
kata kunci. Okay, kata kunci biasanya ada lima. Dan diteruskan dengan
pengenalan. Biasanya pengenalan ini awak boleh letak dalam lebih kurang.. yelah
kita letak ni, kita letak latar belakang. Kita nak ceritalah tentang ciri-ciri
yang berkaitan dengan tajuk kita tu tadi. Jadi pengenalan ni kadang-kadang awak
letak dalam satu perenggan. Ini agak penting ya kerana ada jurnal yang dia
sangat-sangat.. peraturan dia sangat ketat ya. Pengenalan ni ada orang letak
dalam bentuk sorotan pulak dalam tu. Jadi, itu yang kena reject. Jadi terpulang
kepada jurnal yang ada lah. Baca balik apa arahan yang diberi. Yang satu
perenggan ni letak macam latar belakang tersebut. Kemudian masuk yang sorotan.
Jadi ini satu perenggan ya. Sorotan tu tadi macam saya kata awak boleh letak
perkataan sorotan kajian ataupun awak boleh letak tajuk dia. Contohnya, animasi
cerita rakyat. Boleh antara dua. Jadi sorotkan. Yang ini awak letak dalam 4
perenggan. Okay, letak dalam 4 perenggan. Yang mempunyai sorotan kajian 5 tahun
kebelakang sahaja. Okay, lima tahun kebelakang. Dan juga perlu kritis. Macam
yang saya ajar dalam bab 2, kalau tak kritiskan dia berdiri sendiri je, tak
boleh macam tu. Maknanya letak yang kritis. Maknanya bila huraian dalam satu
perenggan tu ada satu nama, kemudian sokonglah dengan kajian-kajian yang lain.
Selari ke, hampir sama ke. Letak kat situ. Juga, letak yang negatif juga yang
seperti kajian oleh Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 didapati tidak bersetuju dengan
kajian yang dijalankan oleh….Letak kenapa dia tak bersetuju tu. Kena, itu
namanya kritis. Mencari persamaan dan perbezaan. Okay, ini dah empat perenggan
dah. Kemudian kita masuk..sebelum habis je daripada sorotan kajian itu, ada
ayat objektif. Ayat objektif ya, bukan satu subtopik. Biasanya ayat sahaja.
Dalam satu ayat, justeru kajian ini.. ye lah daripada
sorotan kajian, masalah kajian ni. Semua sini ada jurang penyelidikan ya. Dalam
sini, semua ada jurang penyelidikan. Jadi, justeru kajian ini ingin mengenal
pasti dan membincangkan apa dia, apa dia, apa dia. Satu ayat je. Jadi, ini satu
ayat iaitu selepas sorotan kajian. Maknanya ini dah perenggan lain , ini
perenggan baru. Jadi ini perenggan lain lah, okay. Jadi perenggan tu ada satu
je ayat ya. Kena terus masuk tajuk metodologi. Metodologi ni awak kena
lengkapkanlah semua yang ada dalam metodologi. Awak kena huraikan sebijik macam
yang ada dalam tesis lah. Ada sampel, ada lokasi, ada prosedur, ada analisis,
ada bahan. Kalau misalnya ada bahan tu awak kena letak letak pulak sinopsis
bahan, ye lah sinopsis novel misalnya. Sinopsis cerpen contohnya, apa sahaja.
Kita kena ada lah. Jadi ini ada prosedur, ini ada analisis. Ini awak boleh
rujuk, rujuk balik dalam bab metodologi penulisan tesis. Letak kat dalam ni.
Kemudian barulah masuk tajuk keputusan dan perbincangan. Jadi, keputusan dan
perbincangan ini, yang ini tadi ada ya dalam metodologi. Keputusan perbincangan
ini dia punya subtajuk kenalah.. kalau misalnya teori, subtopik mesti mengikut
teori lah. Contohnya, kandungan dalam interaksi perbualan. Contoh dia. Jadi
maknanya tajuk ini merupakan daripada teori. Lepas tu ada lah lagi konteks
dalam interaksi perbualan, andaian dalam interaksi perbualan, begitu. Jadi ada
lah di situ. Huraian dia dalam ni sama lah macam huraian bab 4, takde masalah.
Jadi yang ini, dia punya perenggan terpulang kepada teori yang awak pilih. Kita
ada banyak teori. Saya bagi yang teori analisis wacana ni teori yang saya ingat
sekarang. Ada banyak lagi teori. Teori kejuruteraan lain, teori sains lain,
teori ekonomi lain, teori reka bentuk lain. Jadi, berbeza. Okay, jadi selepas
habis keputusan perbincangan kita ada rumusan. Kalau kita tengok kat sini
sebelum kesimpulan tu, sebab kita ada nak rumuskan keputusan dan perbincangan
kita ada rumusan. Rumuskan dalam satu perenggan.
Serupa juga dalam bab 4 tesis kita, kita rumuskan, kita
kena sokong. Sokong kajian yang atas tadi, dekat sorotan. Yang ada dalam tesis
lah, maknanya yang ada dalam artikel. Kemudian sokonglah teori. Sama, cara
penulisan dia sama. Cara penulisan, awak buat dalam bab 4. Kemudian akhirnya
kesimpulan. Okay, dalam kesimpulan ni, dalam ini saya dah jelaskan apa yang
sepatutnya ada dalam kesimpulan. Okay, dalam kesimpulan ni menjelaskan memberi
manfaat yang diperoleh daripada keputusan kajian. Maknanya, awak jelaskan manfaat
kepada siapa. Keputusan yang kita dapat ni manfaat kepada siapa. Awak jelaskan
tiap-tiap satu dalam satu perenggan. Okay, kemudian ayat akhir kesimpulan itu
tadi…ini samalah dengan manfaat tu tadi, memberi manfaat kepada siapa dalam
kesimpulan. Ini tidak perlu rujukan. Jangan ada rujukan pulak dalam kesimpulan
sebab kita dah ada rujukan, dah sokong-sokong. Kesimpulan ni kita nak beri
manfaat je. Jadi tak perlulah rujukan. Kemudian ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan,
kita letaklah diharapkan kajian akan datang…ingat tak saya cakap tadi, ayat tu
ada dalam abstrak, diharapkan kajian…janganlah copy paste, ubahlah sikit ayat
dia. Ada dalam abstrak iaitu diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi fokus
kepada lirik lagu cerita rakyat, contoh dia. Jadi, ada kaitanlah. Ni macam
cadangan kita, cadangan akan datang kita, inilah akan masuk dalam ayat akhir.
Jadi dalam ini terpulang sebenarnya kepada jurnal atau bab dalam buku. Jumlah
perkataan biasanya 5500. Ada yang orang kata, jurnal yang dia sangat ketat dia
punya peraturan, dia kata okay satu artikel boleh terima 3000 je, jadi jangan
lebih. Kalau lebih biasanya dia suruh bayar. Terpulang kepada jurnal. Ada
jurnal dia kata okay perlu 10 ribu, ikut je lah patah perkataan dia. Ada
jurnal, dia punya subtopik ni berbeza. Subtopik berbeza, kita ikut. Terpulang
kepada jurnal. Ini yang biasa. Ada jurnal yang kata, ini ini ini. Itu bawah,
ikut jurnal itu. Jadi tulisan untuk artikel ini, artikel untuk jurnal dan
artikel untuk bab dalam buku pun sama sebenarnya. Penulisan ini biasanya memang
kita kena ada. Kalau penulisan untuk pelajar sastera pun sama sebenarnya.
Memang kena ada pengenalan, kena ada ni, objektif, metodologi, keputusan
perbincangan pun sama. Cara penganalisis dia, tengoklah awak nak pakai jadual,
awak tak nak pakai jadual, awak nak sokong…macam saya katakan, awak nak sokong
dekat rumusan ke, awak nak sokong dekat data ke, masa huraian? Pun boleh. Takde
masalah. Ini adalah penulisan artikel jurnal untuk semua bidang. Mungkin yang
lain ialah terpulang kepada arahan yang diberi oleh jurnal tersebut. Jadi, yang
penting juga…satu, kena penanda wacana. Ini kena adalah. Tiap-tiap halaman
tesis kena ada. Artikel pun ada. Nanti bila dah ada awak buat tesis, silap hari
bulan awak dah hafal semua beratus-ratus penanda wacana. Yang ada kat dalam
buku ni sikit ye. Mungkin ada lagi banyak yang awak kena hafal. Penanda wacana
mesti penting. Kemudian, awak perlu semak banyak kali. Awak kena semak dari
segi ejaan, dari segi tatabahasa, semualah. Semua kena semak. Pastu kena semak
juga rujukan, okay. Rujukan dalam artikel, okay…ada dalam artikel, ada dalam
rujukan. Ada dalam rujukan, ada dalam artikel. Kena lah..
Terjemahan:
Let's write an article. Usually Master
students or PhD students are required to write articles to be published. So, I
can teach you briefly how we want to write a good article, which we can
publish. So, for students who have never been published they will feel proud.
Usually articles in journals or chapters in books, are usually almost the same.
So we are here, we have a title. The title must be interesting. Interesting so
that people want to read our article. We include an abstract. The abstract is
up to the journal, which has how many words. Sometimes 250 to 300 words. Then
there is the introduction, there is the highlight of the study. The highlights
of this study are up to the respective authors. The author sometimes does not
put the word highlight of the study, but they puts the title. Kinds of examples
of Folklore Animation. Then inside it there is a study highlight. Then there
are methodologies, decisions and discussions, conclusions and references. It's
not a bibliography, it's a reference. So, in this one we first focus on the
title. That title should be interesting. Usually the title, if it is a journal and also an article, it is usually
not be more than 20 words. So on this abstract if we write in Malay, we write
an abstract Malay accompanied by an abstract in English to make it more clear.
In this abstract we will place an example of a sentence of about 4 or 5
sentences. This is the kind of introductory verse. For example, we put this
preface as the background and also the problems encountered, the research
problems that arise until we want to do this. This sentence is followed by an
objective sentence, then there is a methodology. We have to put this
methodology, if there is a sample and so on, our location is there. If there is
no need to place, it is like that. Location then everything. There must be a
procedure, what kind of analysis? There must be an analysis, then from the
description here we have to put our decision. The results of that study we put
in this abstract. We put in the results, and our final sentence has to put in
what we expect in the next study.
Hopefully future studies will focus on based
on it. The final sentence must be present. Then accompanied by keywords. Okay,
there are usually five keywords. And continued with the introduction. Usually
this introduction you can put in more or less .. yes we put this, we put the
background. We want to tell you about the features related to our title just
now. So this introduction sometimes you put in one paragraph. This is quite
important because there is a journal that is really strict on their rules. This
introduction has people put in the form of highlights in there. So, that's what
needs to be rejected. So it depends on the available journal. Read back what
instructions were given. This one paragraph is like the background. Then enter
the highlight. So this is a paragraph. The highlight was just like I said you
can put the word highlight of the study or you can put the title of it. For
example, folklore animation. It can be between two. So highlight. This one you
put in 4 paragraphs. Okay, put it in 4 paragraphs. Which has highlighted the
study, 5 years ago only. Okay, five years ago. And it also needs to be
critical. Like I taught in chapter 2, if you don't criticize it standing alone,
it can't be like that. The meaning is critical. This means that if the
description in one paragraph has a name, then support it with other studies.
Parallel to, almost the same. Put it there. Also, put a negative as well as the
study by Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 was found to disagree with the study
conducted by… .Place why they does not agree. Hit, that's the critical name. Finding
similarities and differences. Okay, these are four paragraphs. Then we go
in..before finishing the study highlight, there is an objective sentence. The
objective sentence is yes, not a subtopic. Usually sentences only.
In
one sentence, therefore this study from the highlights of the study, the
problem of this study. Everything here has a research gap. Here, all there is a
research gap. So, therefore this study wants to identify and discuss what it is
all about. One verse only. So, this is a sentence that is after the highlights
of the study. This means that this is another paragraph, this is a new
paragraph. So this is another paragraph, okay. So there is a paragraph in that
paragraph. Must continue to enter the title of the methodology. This
methodology you have to complete everything in the methodology. You have to
describe as much as in the thesis. There are samples, there are locations,
there are procedures, there are analyzes, there are materials. If, for example,
there is material, you have to put the synopsis of the material, that is the
synopsis of the novel for example. Short story synopsis for example, whatever.
We have to be there. So this is a procedure, this is an analysis. This you can
refer to, refer back in the thesis methodology chapter chapter. Put it in here.
Then enter the title of the decision and discussion. So, these results and
discussions, this one was in the methodology. The result of this discussion they
has a subtitle to know .. if for example the theory, subtopic must follow the
theory. For example, content in a conversation interaction. An example of it.
So the meaning of this title is from theory. Then there is another context in
the conversation interaction, so the assumption in the conversation
interaction. So there it is. The description of it in this is the same as the
description of chapter 4, so it is okay. So this one, they has a paragraph up
to the theory you choose. We have many theories. I share this theory of
discourse analysis theory that I remember now. There are many more theories.
Another engineering theory, another science theory, another economic theory,
another design theory. So, different. Okay, so after the end of the discussion
we have a conclusion. If we look here before the conclusion, because we want to
summarize the results and our discussion has a conclusion. Summarize in one
paragraph.
Similarly in chapter 4 of our thesis, we
formulate, then we have to support. Support the above study, near the
spotlight. What is in the thesis, the meaning is in the article. Then support
the theory. The way they writes is the same. How to write, you make in chapter
4. Then finally the conclusion. Okay, in this conclusion, in this I have
explained what should be in the conclusion. Okay, in this conclusion explains
the benefits derived from the results of the study. Meaning, you explain the
benefits to whom. The results we get are of benefit to whom. You explain each
one in a paragraph. Okay, then the last sentence of the conclusion was… this is
the same as the benefit just now, benefiting who in the conclusion. This does
not need a reference. Do not have a reference in the conclusion because we
already have a reference, we support it. This conclusion we want to benefit je.
So there is no need for a reference. Then the final sentence in the conclusion,
we put it hopefully the next study… remember I said earlier, the sentence is in
the abstract, hopefully the study… do not copy paste, change the sentence a
little. It is in the abstract that it is hoped that future studies will focus
on the lyrics of folklore songs, for example. So, there is a connection. This
is like our suggestion, our next suggestion, this will be included in the final
sentence. So in this it really depends on the journal or chapter in the book.
The number of words is usually 5500. Some people say, the journal is very
strict as for the rules, they says one article can only accept 3000, so do not
make it over . If more, they usually told me to pay. Depends on the journal.
There is a journal they said need to have 10 thousand, so we have to follow
their order. There is a journal, they has this subtopic different. Different
subtopics, we follow. Depends on the journal. This is normal. There is a
journal that says, it is. That's down, just follow the journal. So the writing
for this article, the article for the journal and the article for the chapter
in the book are actually the same. This writing is usually something we need to
have. If writing for literary students is actually the same. There must be an
introduction, there must be this, the objectives, methodology, the results of
the discussion are the same. The way they analyzes, look you want to use the
schedule, you do not want to use the schedule, you want to support… like I
said, you want to support the formula, you want to support the data,
description time? Also can. No problem. This is a journal writing article for
all fields. Perhaps the rest is up to the instructions given by the journal.
So, the important thing is also… one, hit the discourse marker. This must be.
Every thesis page must be present. There are also articles. Later when you have
a thesis, you might memorized all the hundreds of discourse markers. The ones
in this book are a little bit only. There may be more you have to memorize.
Discourse markers must be important. Then, you need to check many times. You
have to check in terms of spelling, in terms of grammar, everything. Everything
has to be checked. Then check the reference as well, okay. References in
articles, okay… in articles, in references. It's in the reference, it's in the
article. Got it ..
And also, remember to read the instructions many times. And also the important thing as I said earlier, if the title of the article does not attract, people do not want to read it. The keyword is important because this is where if we search it in google, the word will comes out. The whole article will come out. So look, you have to make sure all these important things are all in your article. Must be in the article. If you look here… oh I am forgot! Similarly in this, it needs 70 percent of the latest references. Okay, the sum of all the articles, all the references… this sum of 5 years ago multiplied by 100 equals must be 70 percent. And also most of the articles, all articles make sure the year you submit is for example 2020, this 2020 article must have at least three. Must have. The current year must be 3. Do not, for example, you submit the article 2020, 2020 has no reference, No. There must be. So, that number is 70 percent times. In this 70 percent there are at least 3 articles that year, the year of submission. This is the latest year. Meaning, the year if 2020 is 2020, that is. Okay! I think if for example making this article is actually not difficult because the study you did from the thesis you can actually take, change the sentence they made the article because we are researchers, we collect data. Sometimes the data is exaggerated. We have to collect more data. Do not quote by make it only a little bit because later we can cannot used it in it. So, that's why when students sometimes ask me, ‘professor, I have took your data. I interviewed this student but it just so happened that a friend of the student was standing by the side. He really wants to be interviewed. So, I also interviewed him. So that means my data is more’. It's good that. I said. Because maybe later if this data is not enough, we can use that data. So we are ready with more data. Let it be more. If it is not saturated, you have to wait outside the fence again. But it must bewrong ethics to wait outside the fence all that, wrong ethics. You need the permission to request data collection. Need to get the Ministry permission if you want to go to school. Everyone needs permission unless you want permission to take data from the kids at your home. My older brother and nephew at home, then you also need permission. It may turn to the siblings will get hurts if you record their kids video so that they must include the data in the thesis. You might be in a argument and will not get a money. So make sure you get correctly. The difference is there is written permission. Permission to record a video are also available.You might get sued. If you get sued, at least you have it, and for example ‘this is actually the truth I found’ or for example he said where is your truth? You have the suit. ‘250 thousand reasons without the permission you interviewed my employee, from any holding company’. So you said, ‘I have permission from this… coincidentally he has his general manager, he said can use videotape. Video a picture of him, telling the truth’. Use that one too. So make sure there is truth. This article all needs permission. Put the name of the sample for example, do not put the real name. Put a number. Or not,the name of the student, for example Muhammad Yusuf… there are about 450 Muhammad Yusuf will came to demand a suit why you use their name in this. Okay!
Comments
Post a Comment